ebab7d0da53c51438720d60c6e2e467c - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

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<title>Declaration of Neutrality</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Declaration of Neutrality</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="Proclamation_of_Neutrality" title="Proclamation of Neutrality">Proclamation of Neutrality</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Politics_of_Austria" title="Politics of Austria">Politics of Austria</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Constitution_of_Austria" title="Constitution of Austria">Constitution</a> (<a href="Federal_Constitutional_Law_(Austrian_act)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Constitutional Law (Austrian act)">B-VG</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Taxation_in_Austria" title="Taxation in Austria">Taxation</a></li>

<li><a href="Austrian_State_Treaty" title="Austrian State Treaty">State Treaty</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_rights_in_Austria" title="Human rights in Austria">Human rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Supreme_executive_organ" title="Supreme executive organ">Supreme organs</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Politics_of_Austria#Executive_branch" title="Politics of Austria">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><b><a href="President_of_Austria" title="President of Austria">President</a></b> (<a href="List_of_presidents_of_Austria" title="List of presidents of Austria">list</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Alexander_Van_der_Bellen" title="Alexander Van der Bellen">Alexander Van der Bellen</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><b><a href="Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Chancellor of Austria">Chancellor</a></b> (<a href="List_of_Chancellors_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chancellors of Austria">list</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Christian_Stocker" title="Christian Stocker">Christian Stocker</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><b><a href="Vice-Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Vice-Chancellor of Austria">Vice Chancellor</a></b> (<a href="Vice_Chancellor_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chancellor of Austria">list</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Andreas_Babler" title="Andreas Babler">Andreas Babler</a></li></ul>

<hr>

<ul><li><a href="Stocker_government" title="Stocker government">Stocker government</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Cabinet_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Austria">Cabinet</a> · <a href="Minister_(Austria)" title="Minister (Austria)">Ministers</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>

<ul><li><b><a href="National_Council_(Austria)" title="National Council (Austria)">National Council</a></b></li></ul>

<p><a href="August_W%C3%B6ginger" title="August Wöginger">Wöginger</a> <span style="color:#63c3d0;"><b>•</b></span> <a href="Andreas_Babler" title="Andreas Babler">Babler</a> <span style="color:red;"><b>•</b></span> <a href="Herbert_Kickl" title="Herbert Kickl">Kickl</a> <span style="color:#0056A2;"><b>•</b></span> <a href="Sigrid_Maurer" title="Sigrid Maurer">Maurer</a> <span style="color:green;"><b>•</b></span> <a href="Beate_Meinl-Reisinger" title="Beate Meinl-Reisinger">Meinl-Reisinger</a> <span style="color:#e84188;"><b>•</b></span>

</p>

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<ul><li><b><a href="Federal_Council_(Austria)" title="Federal Council (Austria)">Federal Council</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li>Upper house of parliament</li></ul>

<hr>

<ul><li><b><a href="Federal_Assembly_(Austria)" title="Federal Assembly (Austria)">Federal Assembly</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li>Joint session of both houses</li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Judiciary_of_Austria" title="Judiciary of Austria">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>

<ul><li><a href="Constitutional_Court_(Austria)" title="Constitutional Court (Austria)">Constitutional Court</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>(judicial review)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Supreme_Court_of_Justice_(Austria)" title="Supreme Court of Justice (Austria)">Supreme Court of Justice</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>(civil and criminal cases)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Supreme_Administrative_Court_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Administrative Court (Austria)">Supreme Administrative Court</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>(administrative law cases)</li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Elections_in_Austria" title="Elections in Austria">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li>Legislative:</li></ul>

<ul><li>Presidential:</li></ul>

<ul><li>European:</li></ul>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="List_of_political_parties_in_Austria" title="List of political parties in Austria">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>

<ul><li><b><a href="Austrian_People's_Party" title="Austrian People's Party">People's Party</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_chairpersons_of_the_Austrian_People's_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="List of chairpersons of the Austrian People's Party">Chairman</a>: <a href="Christian_Stocker" title="Christian Stocker">Christian Stocker</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="Social Democratic Party of Austria">Social Democratic Party</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Chairperson_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson of the Social Democratic Party of Austria">Chairman</a>: <a href="Andreas_Babler" title="Andreas Babler">Andreas Babler</a></li></ul>

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<ul><li><b><a href="Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">Freedom Party</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li>Chairman: <a href="Herbert_Kickl" title="Herbert Kickl">Herbert Kickl</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="The_Greens_(Austria)" title="The Greens (Austria)">Green Party</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Spokesperson_of_the_Austrian_Green_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Spokesperson of the Austrian Green Party">Spokesman</a>: <a href="Werner_Kogler" title="Werner Kogler">Werner Kogler</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li>Chairwoman: <a href="Beate_Meinl-Reisinger" title="Beate Meinl-Reisinger">Beate Meinl-Reisinger</a></li></ul>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="States_of_Austria" title="States of Austria">States</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>

<ul><li><b><a href="Burgenland" title="Burgenland">Burgenland</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Burgenland" title="List of governors of Burgenland">Governor</a>: <a href="Hans_Peter_Doskozil" title="Hans Peter Doskozil">Doskozil</a> (SPÖ)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Carinthia" title="Carinthia">Carinthia</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Carinthia" title="List of governors of Carinthia">Governor</a>: <a href="Peter_Kaiser" title="Peter Kaiser">Kaiser</a> (SPÖ)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Lower_Austria" title="Lower Austria">Lower Austria</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Lower_Austria" title="List of governors of Lower Austria">Governor</a>: <a href="Johanna_Mikl-Leitner" title="Johanna Mikl-Leitner">Mikl-Leitner</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Salzburg_(federal_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salzburg (federal state)">Salzburg</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Salzburg_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of governors of Salzburg (state)">Governor</a>: <a href="Wilfried_Haslauer_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Wilfried Haslauer Jr.">Haslauer</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Styria" title="Styria">Styria</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Styria" title="List of governors of Styria">Governor</a>: <a href="Christopher_Drexler" title="Christopher Drexler">Drexler</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Tyrol_(federal_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrol (federal state)">Tyrol</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Tyrol" title="List of governors of Tyrol">Governor</a>: <a href="Anton_Mattle" title="Anton Mattle">Mattle</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Upper_Austria" title="Upper Austria">Upper Austria</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Upper_Austria" title="List of governors of Upper Austria">Governor</a>: <a href="Thomas_Stelzer_(politician)" title="Thomas Stelzer (politician)">Stelzer</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_mayors_of_Vienna" title="List of mayors of Vienna">Mayor and Governor</a>:</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Michael_Ludwig_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Ludwig (politician)">Michael Ludwig</a> (SPÖ)</li></ul>

</p>

<ul><li><b><a href="Vorarlberg" title="Vorarlberg">Vorarlberg</a></b></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_governors_of_Vorarlberg" title="List of governors of Vorarlberg">Governor</a>: <a href="Markus_Wallner" title="Markus Wallner">Wallner</a> (ÖVP)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Capital: <a href="Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></li></ul>

<hr>

<ul><li><a href="District_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="District (Austria)">Districts</a></li>

<li><a href="Municipality_(Austria)" title="Municipality (Austria)">Municipalities</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist">

<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AAustria" title="Portal:Austria">Austria portal</a></span></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of a series on the</div></th>

</tr><tr>

<th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="History_of_Austria" title="History of Austria">History of <span class="fn org label">Austria</span></a></th>

</tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Austria" title="Austria"></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early history</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Hallstatt_culture" title="Hallstatt culture">Hallstatt culture</a></li>

<li><a href="Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> (<a href="Kingdom_of_Noricum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Noricum">Kingdom of Noricum</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Era</a> (<a href="Noricum" title="Noricum">Noricum</a> - <a href="Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a> - <a href="Raetia" title="Raetia">Raetia</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Rugiland" title="Rugiland">Rugiland</a></li>

<li><a href="Kingdom_of_Italy_(476-493)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (476-493)">Odoacer's Kingdom of Italy</a></li>

<li><a href="Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic Kingdom</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early Middle Ages</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Marcomanni" title="Marcomanni">Marcomanni</a> - <a href="Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a> - <a href="Baiuvarii" title="Baiuvarii">Baiuvarii</a> - <a href="Suebi" title="Suebi">Suebi</a></li>

<li><a href="Avars_(Carpathians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avars (Carpathians)">Avars</a></li>

<li><a href="Carantania" title="Carantania">Carantania</a></li>

<li><a href="Frankish_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish Kingdom">Frankish Kingdom</a></li>

<li><a href="East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a></li>

<li><a href="Margraviate_of_Austria" title="Margraviate of Austria">Margraviate of Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="House_of_Babenberg" title="House of Babenberg">House of Babenberg</a></li>

<li><a href="Privilegium_Minus" title="Privilegium Minus">Privilegium Minus</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Middle Ages</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a></li>

<li><a href="Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a></li>

<li><a href="Prince-Archbishopric_of_Salzburg" title="Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg">Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg</a></li>

<li><a href="Duchy_of_Austria" title="Duchy of Austria">Duchy of Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Duchy of Styria</a></li>

<li><a href="Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Duchy of Carinthia</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early modern period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Archduchy_of_Austria" title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduchy of Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg empire</a></li>

<li><a href="Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></li>

<li><a href="German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a></li>

<li><a href="Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">World War I</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria">Assassination of Franz Ferdinand</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Austria-Hungary_during_World_War_I" title="History of Austria-Hungary during World War I">History of Austria-Hungary during World War I</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Interwar years</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Republic_of_German-Austria" title="Republic of German-Austria">Republic of German-Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="First_Austrian_Republic" title="First Austrian Republic">First Austrian Republic</a></li>

<li><a href="Austrian_Civil_War" title="Austrian Civil War">Civil War</a></li>

<li><a href="Austrofascism" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrofascism">Austrofascism</a></li>

<li><a href="Federal_State_of_Austria" title="Federal State of Austria">Federal State of Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a></li>

<li><a href="Ostmark_(Austria)" title="Ostmark (Austria)">Ostmark (Austria)</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">World War II</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Austria_in_the_time_of_National_Socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Austria in the time of National Socialism">National Socialism</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Post-war Austria</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Allied-occupied_Austria" title="Allied-occupied Austria">Allied-occupied Austria</a></li>

<li><a href="Austria" title="Austria">Second Austrian Republic</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Austria" title="History of the Jews in Austria">Jews</a> (<a href="History_of_the_Jews_in_Vienna" title="History of the Jews in Vienna">Vienna</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Economic_history_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic history of Austria">Economic history</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_football_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of football in Austria">Football</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_cricket_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of cricket in Austria">Cricket</a></li>

<li><a href="Military_history_of_Austria" title="Military history of Austria">Military history</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_rail_transport_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of rail transport in Austria">Rail transport</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_radio_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of radio in Austria">Radio</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_liberalism_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of liberalism in Austria">Liberalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Music_of_Austria" title="Music of Austria">Music</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_cinema_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of cinema in Austria">Cinema</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Hinduism_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Hinduism in Austria">Hinduism</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_Islam_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Islam in Austria">Islam</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<p><a href="Timeline_of_Austrian_history" title="Timeline of Austrian history">Timeline</a>

</p>

<span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AAustria" title="Portal:Austria">Austria portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Declaration of Neutrality</b> (<a href="German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Neutralitätserklärung</i>) was a declaration by the <a href="Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Austrian Parliament</a> declaring the country permanently <a href="Neutral_country" title="Neutral country">neutral</a>. It was enacted on 26 October 1955 as a constitutional act of parliament, i.e., as part of the <a href="Constitution_of_Austria" title="Constitution of Austria">Constitution of Austria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Pursuant to resolution of the Federal Assembly of Parliament following the <a href="Austrian_State_Treaty" title="Austrian State Treaty">Austrian State Treaty</a>, Austria declared "its permanent neutrality of its own accord".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second section of this law stated: "In all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Formally, the declaration was promulgated voluntarily by the Republic of Austria. Politically, it was the direct consequence of the allied occupation by the <a href="Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, the <a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the <a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, and <a href="France" title="France">France</a> between 1945 and 1955, from which the country was freed by the <a href="Austrian_State_Treaty" title="Austrian State Treaty">Austrian State Treaty</a> of 15 May the same year. The Soviet Union would not have agreed to the State Treaty if Austria had not committed to declaring neutrality after the allied forces had left the country.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

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<p>Since 1955,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> neutrality has become a deeply ingrained element of Austrian identity. An opinion poll from March 2022 found that 76% favored Austria remaining neutral, versus 18% who supported <a href="Austria%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Austria–NATO relations">joining NATO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Membership of Austria in the <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (or its predecessor organizations) was controversial due to the Austrian commitment to neutrality. Austria only joined the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bloc" class="extiw external" title="wikt:bloc">bloc</a> in <a href="1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="1995 enlargement of the European Union">1995</a> together with <a href="Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> and <a href="Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> which had also declared their neutrality in the Cold War, following a <a href="1994_Austrian_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="1994 Austrian European Union membership referendum">referendum on accession</a>.

</p><p>In 1995, Austria joined <a href="NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>'s <a href="Partnership_for_Peace" title="Partnership for Peace">Partnership for Peace</a> program, but only after Russia had done so.

</p><p>In March 2023, <a href="Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">Freedom Party</a> politicians walked out of a speech delivered by <a href="Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> President <a href="Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> to the Austrian parliament on the 400th day of the <a href="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. They argued the speech violated Austria's neutrality and left placards reading "space for neutrality" and "space for peace" on their desks.

</p><p>In 2023, Austria joined the <a href="European_Sky_Shield_Initiative" title="European Sky Shield Initiative">European Sky Shield Initiative</a> created in 2022 as a reaction to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The project would fund a European missile defense system. The government argued that because their resources are being pooled with other countries, it is not a violation of their neutrality.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_collaborations">International collaborations</h2></div>

<p>Austria <a href="Austrian_Armed_Forces#International_operations" title="Austrian Armed Forces">engages</a> in UN-led peacekeeping and other humanitarian missions. It participates in:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">KFOR</a>, with up to 561 soldiers. This mission is alongside NATO forces. Other countries in this mission include <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, even more well-known for its neutrality.</li>

<li><a href="EUFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="EUFOR">EUFOR</a> (former <a href="SFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="SFOR">SFOR</a>) in <a href="Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, since 2 December 2004 under <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> Command</li>

<li><a href="United_Nations_Interim_Force_in_Lebanon" title="United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon">United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon</a> (UNIFIL) in <a href="Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>.</li></ul>

<p>In 2023, Austria (and Switzerland) joined a coalition of European, mostly NATO-allied countries in the <a href="European_Sky_Shield_Initiative" title="European Sky Shield Initiative">European Sky Shield Initiative</a> (ESSI), which is a project to build an integrated air defence system with anti-ballistic missile capability.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Austria%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Austria–NATO relations">Austria–NATO relations</a></li>

<li><a href="Finlandization" title="Finlandization">Finlandization</a></li>

<li><a href="Irish_neutrality" title="Irish neutrality">Irish neutrality</a></li>

<li><a href="Moldovan_neutrality" title="Moldovan neutrality">Moldovan neutrality</a></li>

<li><a href="Swedish_neutrality" title="Swedish neutrality">Swedish neutrality</a></li>

<li><a href="Swiss_neutrality" title="Swiss neutrality">Swiss neutrality</a></li>

<li><a href="Neutral_and_Non-Aligned_European_States" title="Neutral and Non-Aligned European States">Neutral and Non-Aligned European States</a></li>

<li><a href="Neutral_member_states_in_the_European_Union" title="Neutral member states in the European Union">Neutral member states in the European Union</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?ResultFunctionToken=72064e8e-e147-473e-8ea0-66a9162294f8&Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Kundmachungsorgan=BGBl.+Nr.&Index=&Titel=&Gesetzesnummer=&VonArtikel=&BisArtikel=&VonParagraf=0&BisParagraf=&VonAnlage=&BisAnlage=&Typ=&Kundmachungsnummer=211/1955&Unterzeichnungsdatum=&FassungVom=02.02.2222&VonInkrafttretedatum=&BisInkrafttretedatum=&VonAusserkrafttretedatum=&BisAusserkrafttretedatum=&NormabschnittnummerKombination=Und&ImRisSeitVonDatum=&ImRisSeitBisDatum=&ImRisSeit=Undefined&ResultPageSize=100&Suchworte=&Dokumentnummer=NOR11000268">"RIS - Neutralitätsgesetz § 0 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert"</a>. <i>www.ris.bka.gv.at</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-15</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180520054704/https://www.parlament.gv.at/ENGL/PERK/HIS/REP2/1955/index.shtml">"1955 – State Treaty and Neutrality"</a>. <i>www.parlament.gv.at</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlament.gv.at/ENGL/PERK/HIS/REP2/1955/index.shtml">the original</a> on 2018-05-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-19</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_1955_211/ERV_1955_211.pdf">"Federal Constitutional Law of October 26, 1955 on Austria's neutrality"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Ginther, <i>Neutralität und Neutralitätspolitik Die österreichische Neutralität zwischen Schweizer Muster und sowjetischer Koexistenzdoktrin</i>, Vienna, 1975.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bundesgesetzblatt für die Republik Österreich, 1955, <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Bundesgesetzblatt_(Austria)_1955_1151.jpg" class="extiw external" title="de:Datei:Bundesgesetzblatt (Austria) 1955 1151.jpg">de:Datei:Bundesgesetzblatt (Austria) 1955 1151.jpg</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blog.tqs.at/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/TQS_So-denkt-Oesterreich-Ukraine.pdf">"UKRAINE-KRISE EINE ANALYSE DER STIMMUNG IN DER BEVÖLKERUNG AUS DER STUDIENREIHE "SO DENKT ÖSTERREICH""</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2022-03-03.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66130857">"Neutral Swiss and Austrians join Europe's Sky Shield defence"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2023-07-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>

<ul><li>Rolf Steininger: <i>Der Staatsvertrag. Österreich im Schatten von deutscher Frage und Kaltem Krieg 1938-1955</i>, 2005, 198 p., (Publisher: <i>StudienVerlag, Innsbruck-Wien-Bozen</i>) - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rolfsteininger.at/staatsvertrag.html">Summary in English</a></li>

<li>Manfried Rauchensteiner: <i>Stalinplatz 4. Österreich unter alliierter Besatzung</i>, 2005, 336 p., (Publisher: <i>Edition Steinbauer, Wien</i>)</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_1955_211/ERV_1955_211.pdf">The Federal Constitutional Law on the Neutrality of Austria in English</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFКружков_В.А.2022" class="citation book cs1">Кружков В.А. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aspectpress.ru/buy/Кружков-В-А-Нейтралитет-Австрии-Становление-Практика-Перспективы-p445264007"><i>Нейтралитет Австрии. Становление - практика - перспективы</i></a>. М.: Аспект Пресс. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-5-7567-1198-1</bdi>.</cite></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-03" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Declaration_of_Neutrality&oldid=1304056476">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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